CHINA STRIKES 중공군 개입 & 공세

 

CHINA STRIKES          Task Force Faith          Ebb and Flow - Billy C. Mossman         Army Overview of this phase         9/30/50 ROK 3rd Division Crosses 38th Parallel Heading for Pyongyang   Wonsan Harbor, 9/50, South Korean Minesweeper Hits Mine Russian Experts Had Supervised Planting 3,000 WWII magnetic and contact Mines, menacing all our Navy and Marine amphibious Operations  Yalu River, Andong, 10/14/50 The Chinese Intervene     North of Sariwon, 10/50 British troops hotly pursue the enemy With Fixed Bayonets Note they carried the Lee Enfield MarkI with the 'pig sticker'   Danish Hospital Ship Jutlandia Moored in Pusan Harbor, 10/50 JUTLANDIA (1934-1964)   Prior to Battle of the Apple Orchard, 22 October, 1950 Lt. Col. C.H. Green, 3RAR Commanding, in Slouch hat. Americans (3/187 Regimental Combat Team) and Aussies (3RAR) and Brits meet up to plan the successful Aussie attack in support of the beleaguered American Airborne unit.   1st Cavalry Division pursues North Korean troops North of Kaesong, 13 October, 1950     October 19, 1950, the 5th Cavalry Regiment of the 1st Cavalry Division enters Pyongyang.   5th Cavalry broke out of the Pusan Perimeter by crossing the Naktong on September 26, advancing to Sanju and north to Hamchung and south to Osan-dong, and seizing Chongo, Chochiwon and Chouni. Crossing the Imjin on October 2, the 5th Cavalry then crossed the 38th parallel on October 9. Lead by the 5th Regiment, the 1st Cavalry Division entered Pyongyang, the capital of North Korea on October 19.   70th Tank Battalion   17th RCT I&R platoon 7th Infantry Division The first patrol into Hyesanjin on the Manchurian Border (Yalu River) was from this I&R platoon of the 17th RCT, 7th Infantry Division.       Photos courtesy of PFC H "Pete" Petersen Infantry Scout 17th RCT I&R Platoon 7th Infantry Division   Middlesex crosses the Chongch'on at Sinanju October 24, 1950 To The Chongchon   North Korea, 10/50 The Terrible Cost Continues This young woman was killed moments before, doubtless by stray or inadvertant fire from advancing UN forces, as she struggled through soaking brush, desperately seeking safety for her small family.    Marines Land at Wonsan 1stMarDiv, Wonsan, 10/26/50   F4U Corsair from Marine Fighting Squadron (VMF) 214, Lost 10/26/50 October 25-November 5, 1950 China's 1st Phase Offensive   Commanders of 42nd Army, CCF124th Div, prepare to attack X Corps in east Lin-Chiang Hyesanjin area, late October 1950   The CCF 124th division was the only major Chinese force to meet defeat in their First Phase Campaign. The 124th did roll back a ROK regiment, but then ran into the 7th Marines of 1stMarDiv. They took a terrible beating, which led to the CCF leaders deciding to destroy all of 1stMarDiv as a keystone of their next, or Second Phase, Campaign. They didn't succeed with that plan, either.   This Chinese photograph from the Korean War Museum in Beijing states that these are Army officers who had been fleeing from attacking CCF forces during the UN withdrawal after our advanced forces had been defeated during the CCF 1st Phase Campaign.   Unsan CCF 40th Corps shatters ROK 6th Division, 10/25/50 CCF 39th Corps, Unsan, November 1,1950 Observes 8th Cavalry Regiment on roads below, preparatory to striking.   American soldiers, probably men of 8th Cavalry Regiment, captured by Chinese in their 1st Phase Campaign. One of the Chinese is apparently armed with a 9mm Sten Mark 2 Machine Carbine, and the other with a Japanese 6.5mmType 38 WWII rifle . The CCF soldier with the Sten has spare magazines on his cartridge webbing, the one with the rifle carries stick grenades.   CCF Strikes, Oct-Nov,1950 Attacking ROK 1st Division at Yongsan-dong   November 2, 1950, CCF Prisoners of Seventh Marine Regiment Elements of the CCF 38th Army Waiting the Eighth Army "final" assault from the Chongchon. Unknown to UN High Command, China was about to launch the 2nd Phase of its battle plan.   CCF 42nd Corps Second Phase Campaignn   CCF 39th Corps, November 25,1950 Awaiting an opportunity to attack Gyechon. At about 5,000 feet, the snows have already come.   1stMarDiv, 11/50, The Division Moves Into Chosin        Generals at the Yalu (in background), 11/21/50      Left to Right: Generals Kiefer, Hodes, Almond, Barr      Visiting the 17th Infantry, at Hyesanjin      The generals seem to think the war is over, but ...      Catastrophe is about to strike Eighth Army and X Corps.    "That's impossible. There aren't two Chinese Communist divisions in the whole of North Korea." -- Maj. Gen. Edward M. Almond at noon on 28 November 1950, when told Of Eight Chinese Divisions attacking X Corps at Chosin:   Eighth Army, 11/50, Heads for Yalu Mission: End the war and get home by Christmas   Unknown To Them, China's Veteran Guerilla Armies Are Waiting CCF 40th Corps Second Phase Campaign Elements of the CCF 40th Corps attacking Somin-Dong during the battle of the Chongchon     American armor flees 11/30/50, American Armor Flees From CCF back through Pyongyang Mama-san silently watches history being made "Their glowing cigar butts looked like tracers going past" ... Digger infantryman CCF 39th Corps, November, 1950 Pursues fleeing UN forces past destroyed truck column near Unsan.   Marine Casualties, Yudam-ni Battalion Aid Station, 11/50 Dead lie in Foreground, Seriously Wounded were Inside (Photo: Frank Kerr)     Chosin Reservoir, Hagaru-ri 11/28/50, East Hill The key artillery, airstrip, and basic support base for the forward Regiments at Yudam-ni. Yudam-ni, 11/30/50, 5th & 7th Marines Pull Back The beginning of the 35 mile fight-out from the Chosin Reservoir   Detail from 1st Bat Seven, 11/29/50 Marine Rear Guard Protects Withdrawal From Yudam-ni     1stBtn32ndIR Principal Officers   Captured Standard Beijing KW Museum TFF Breakout Attempt Step by Step   Task Force Faith Survivors on ice of Chosin Reservoir, 12/1/50   This Chinese photograph shows the Task Force Faith convoy destruction.       Chosin Reservoir, 12/50, Marine F4U Corsair Napalm Strike   CCF Recapture Pyongyang, 12/6/50 China's 2nd Phase Offensive     Civilians fleeing south over Taedong River, using destroyed bridge Pyongyang, 12/50 Pulitzer Prize Picture by Max Desfor   This Chinese photograph says these are prisoners from the all-Negro 24th Infantry Regiment.   TF Dog, 3rd Infantry Div., Chinhung-ni, 12/50   1stMarDiv, 12/6/50, Hagaru-ri Breakout Stalled at Roadblock Hagaru-Ri Koto-ri Breakout 1stMarDiv, 12/8/50, Main Supply Road (MSR), the way to Hungnam and safety Koto-ri Breakout Chosin Reservoir campaign Troops at left mount out for their turn at the point China ambushed the Marines in the Chosin Reservoir. Ten Divisions, about 100,000 veteran foot-soldiers against about 7,000 Marines and the 7th Division 31st RCT. 31RCT was virtually destroyed, and the Marines casualties were heavy, but most fought their way out in a series of savege tactical victories amidst overwhelming strategic defeat, joined up at Hagaru, and fought down through Koto-ri to eventual safety and evacuation at Hungnam. The Chinese Failure At Chosin   Destroying Roadblock 12/50   Breakout Stalled, 12/50 Exhausted, but armed and dangerous and resolute, Marines Wait While Another Roadblock Is Reduced   Hungnam, 12/15/50 Evacuation Port & Safety for embattled X Corps, and 100,000 civilian refugees   Hungnam, 12/24/50 3rd Infantry Division --- Last Troops Evacuated     Hungnam, APD-127, 12/25/50 Last Installations Destroyed   Hungnam, 12/25/50 Navy Demolition Teams Destroying Port Installations and Abandoned Supplies